Abstract

This experiment was conducted in loamy soil at farm Al-qaim region 400 Km west of Baghdad – Iraq to study the effect of organic matter (Fertilizer manure) instead of mineral fertilizer on growth and yield of Onion (Allium cepa L.) using six treatment (control & 72 + 240 Kg P +N /hr as super phosphate + urea & 8 ton/ hr organic manure & 10 ton/hr organic manure & 36 +120 Kg P + N /hr with 8 ton organic manure/hr and 36 + 120 Kg P + N /hr with 10 ton organic manure/hr). The results were indicated that the treatment (36 + 120 Kg P + N /hr with 8 ton organic manure /hr ) and (36 + 120 Kg P + N / hr with 10 ton Organic fertilizer/hr) the best percentage of germination , plant height , Leaves number , Blub volume , average of five blubs wieght ,and gave heigh rate of dry yield 26.20 ton/hr. on other hand the best results were obtained by using organic manure with or with out mineral fertilizers reduced bulk density , penetration resistance and increase Organic matter soil content, N and, P availability which were 1.33g/cm3 , 1.33 Kg / cm2 , 8.3 g / Kg , 85.4 mg / Kg , and 18.3 recepectivly and which tend on the percentage of N and P in the leaves of plant effective by this treatments.