ANBAR JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES

Abstract

To know the genetic variations for some sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) traits under the influence of three plant population (40000, 50000 and 60000 plants.ha-1) to tow varieties (oil and non-oil) of sunflower. The experiments were conducted during spring and fall seasons of 2013, using split plot experiment within RCBD. The plant spaces between the furrows 90 cm and within furrows 27.8, 22.2 and 18.5 cm, which variable due to plant population. The results showed superiority of Shomous cultivar in plant yield 39% and 21% for spring and fall season. According to superiority in plant height , leaf area, number of leaves (fall season), days to physiological mature (spring season) and its delay of 95% flowering which increase the seed fulling period. The genetic resultant for Shomous was 108.14% (in spring) and 98.11% (fall), its higher than Aqmar. The phenotypic stability for two cultivars were higher for two season, except leaf area in fall its less than 85% accepted limit for homeostasis. All traits were genetic control and less affected by environment effect, The genetic variance values contributed from phenotypic variance by 92.6%, 94.7%, 81%, 98%, 85%, 94%, and 93.6% for all traits respectively, as well, all genetic coefficient variance were closed from phenotypic coefficient variance. Thus, heritability percentage were higher, it range from 83% to 98%. It conclude that the improvement of two cultivars can be simple and speedy.