ANBAR JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES

Abstract

Five species of fruits and seeds for five genera of Papilionaceae have been studied which are from the wild species of Dicotyledonous growing in the study area at the Seffen mountain in Erbil. The study included appearance criteria for the seeds including, form, dimensions, colour, type of Surface configuration of the seeds and the anatomical criteria of the seed including thickness of the cover of seeds, number of layers, number of lines and the form of cells in every layer, In addition to the type of embryo, its shape, dimension, and the form of the cots, its dimensions and location of stored nuttition whether in endsperm or in the emberyo tissue. The fruits have been mentioned as they have a very close relation with the seeds, The fruits have been characterized concerning (form, type, dimensions, number of seed in every fruit) due to the importance of these characteristics and their use in many vegetarian books and encyclopedias in order to classify the vegetarian types. The results of this study show the variations in the seeds form, colours, dimensions, and type of surface configuration where all studied seeds were with smooth surface except for one type with granular surface scorpurus muricatus Also, the result of the anatomical study have showed variation in thickness of the seeds cover between the studied types and form of cells in the layers. It has been found that the seeds cover is more thick in the species Scorpurus muueicotus where the cover thickness was 82.5 micrometer, and the last cover thickness was in the species Hippocrips unisiliquous where the cover thickness is 37.5 micrometer, but the forms of embryos and lobes showed a clear variation between the studied types as mentioned in the results. This study which handled the anatomical side of the seeds represents one of the few studies for the wild Iraqi types and it emphasized the classifying importance for those characteristics in isolating the classification different ranks especially those similar in appearance