Abstract

Abstract
A field experiment was conducted in silt clay loam soil to study the effects of some drip irrigation systems, saline water use, and application method on some physical properties of soil. The lay out of the experiment was split-split plot design with three replicates. The first factor was two types of water (river and well water), electric conductivity of 0.8 and 5.77 dS. M-1 respectively. The second factor was two methods of water application. The third factor was Three types of emitters (drippers) have been used which are T-Tape, Turbo, and GR. The local cultivar seeds of peanuts (Archis hypogeal L.) were cultivated. The irrigation was soil moisture sensor. The irrigation had achieved after exhaustion of 50% of available water.
The results showed an increases in bulk density ,soil penetration resistance of at the there was a decrease in mean weight diameter and saturated hydraulic conductivity of soil at the end of growing season for all treatment in comparison with their values before cultivation. The higher values of bulk density were 1.71 and 1.63 Mg.m-1 for GR and Turbo drippers respectively as compared to 1.58 Mg.m-1 for T-Tape drippers. The quality of irrigation water had a significant effect in increasing values of bulk density and soil penetration resistance and decreasing values of mean weight diameter and hydraulic conductivity of soil. The highest values of saturated hydraulic conductivity for the river water application were 3.3, 3.0, and 2.8 cm.h-1 as compared to 1.7, 1.6 and 1.3 cm.h-1 for well water using the T-Tape, Turbo and GR drippers, respectively. The half application of well water decreased values of bulk density and penetrability and increased values of mean weight diameter saturated hydraulic conductivity of soil.
The values of mean weight diameter reached 0.53, 0.49, and 0.45 mm for the half application of well water as compared to 0.43, 0.42, and 0.41 mm for the full application using the drippers T-Tape, Turbo, and GR respectively. There were a decrease in infiltration rate and accumulative infiltration for all treatments at the end of growing season as compared to infiltration rate values before cultivation. The reduction percentages in infiltration rates were about 7.5 – 20.66% and from 52.33 – 61.33% for the irrigation treatments of river and well water, respectively.