Author
Department of Plant Protection, College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, Salahaddin University-Erbil
,
Document Type : Research Paper
Abstract
The long-horned beetle, Trichoferus fissitarsis Sama, Fallahzadeh, and Rapuzzi 2005, is one of the most dangerous pests on fig trees, Ficus carica, in the Kurdistan Region- Iraq. In the current study, this species had been genetically reported in GenBank for the first time. However, it was recorded in Cerambycidae checklists from Iraq by its synonym Hesperophanes sericeus (Fab., 1787). Hereby, for the misidentification of this species and to solve the problem of identification, the molecular technique based on the mitochondrial partial gene mt COXI was exposed, and via this technique, and based on the COXI nucleotide sequence, the phylogenetic analysis was constructed for illuminating the species group, and their relations with other recorded species which belonged to the tribe Hesperophanini Mulsant, 1839. Also, the taxonomic status of this species has been discussed. Meanwhile, some illustrated evidence on the damage signs, host plants and morphological characteristics were constructed, described and illustrated clearly.
- Abdul-Rassoul, M. S. (1976). Checklist of Iraq natural history museum insects collection. Natural History Research Center, Publication, 30: 1-41.
- Abdul-Rassoul, M. S., Dawah, H. A., Othman, N. Y., and Al-Gailany, H. B. (1988). Records of insect collection (part II) in Iraq Natural History Museum. Bulletin of the Iraq Natural History Museum, 8(1): 1-10.
- Ali, K., and Rapuzzi, P. (2016). Second contribution to the knowledge of Longhorn Beetles of the Syrian Coastal Region (Coleoptera Cerambycidae). Biodiversity Journal, 7(2): 261-272.
- Al-Ali, A. S. (1977). Phytophagous and Entomophagous insects and mites of Iraq. The Iraq Natural History Museum Publication, (33): 3-141.
- Bader, A. K. (1996). Cerambycidae (Coleoptera) of Jordan. Zoology in the Middle East, 13(1): 93-98.
- Balachowsky, A. S. (1963). Entomologia appliquée a I'agriculture Traite, Tom I, vol. II, Coleopteres. Masson et Cie Edit., Paris, 1391.
- Danilevsky, M. L., and Miroshnikov, A. I. (1985). Longhorn beetles of Caucasus (Coleoptera, Cerammbycidae). Taxonomic Keys.
- Danilevsky, M. L. (2010). In: Löbl I. and Smetana A. (eds.): Catalogue of Palaearctic Coleoptera. 6. Chrysomeloidea. Apollo Books, Stenstrup: 924.
- Danilevsky M. L. (2013). Additions and corrections to the new Catalogue of Palaearctic Cerambycidae (Coleoptera) edited by I. Löbl and A. Smetana, 2010. VII. Humanity space. International almanac, 2(1): 170-210.
- Danilevsky, M. L. (2022). Catalogue of Palaearctic Chrysomeloidea (Vesperidae, Disteniidae, Cerambycidae). Available from: https://www.cerambycidae.net/catalog.pdf.
- Derwesh, A. I. (1965). A preliminary list of identified Insects and some Arachnids from Iraq. Ministry of Agriculture, Directorate general of agricultural Research and Projects, Bagdad, Iraq. Bulletin, 112: 1-123.
- Ellis, J. S., Blackshaw, R., Parker, W., Hicks, H., and Knight, M. E. (2009). Genetic identification of morphologically cryptic agricultural pests. Agricultural and Forest Entomology, 11(1): 115-121.
- Evans, A. M., Mckenna, D. D., Bellamy, C. L., and Farrell, B. D. (2015). Large‐scale molecular phylogeny of metallic wood‐boring beetles (C oleoptera: B uprestoidea) provides new insights into relationships and reveals multiple evolutionary origins of the larval leaf‐mining habit. Systematic Entomology, 40(2): 385-400.
- Haack, R. A. (2017). Feeding biology of Cerambycids. In Q Wang (Eds.), Cerambycidae of the world; biology and pest management. Publisher: CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL., 105-132.
- Hansen, J. A., Moulton, J. K., Klingeman, W. E., Oliver, J. B., Windham, M. T., Trigiano, R. N., and Reding, M. E. (2015). Molecular systematics of the Chrysobothris femorata species group (Coleoptera: Buprestidae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 108(5): 950-963.
- Huang, X., Chen, B., Wei, Z., and Shi, A. (2022). First report of complete mitochondrial genome in the Tribes Coomaniellini and Dicercini (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) and phylogenetic implications. Genes, 13(6): 1074.
- Ismail, SI (1983). Taxonomic study on the long-horned borer beetles (Cerambycidae, Coleoptera) of Iraq. Baghdad University, Faculty of Science, Master thesis, 200.
- Kadyrov, A. K., Karpiński, L., Szczepański, W. T., Taszakowski, A., and Walczak, M. (2016). New data on distribution, biology, and ecology of longhorn beetles from the area of west Tajikistan (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae). ZooKeys, (606): 41–64.
- Khalaf, A. N., and Al-Omar, M. A. (1974). A second List of Insects from Iraq. Biological Research Centre, Baghdad, Publication, 7-8.
- Kheri, E. M. (1974). Some steam borers of fruited trees in Iraq. Agriculture Bulletin, 45.
- Lim, J., Kim, M., Kim, I. K., Jung, S., Lim, J. S., Park, S. Y., ... and Lee, S. (2013). Molecular identification and larval description of Callipogon relictus Semenov (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), a natural monument of South Korea. Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology, 16(3): 223-227.
- Mifsud, D. (2002). Longhorn beetles (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae) of the Maltese islands (central Mediterranean). The Central Mediterranean Naturalist 3(4): 161-169.
- Mohamed, H. H. F. (1984). Biology, survey and taxonomy of cerambycids of Egypt. M.Sc.Thesis, Faculty of Science. Ain-shams University. 214.
- Monne, M. A. (2006). Catalogue of the Cerambycidae (Coleoptera) of the Neotropical Region. Part III. Subfamilies Parandrinae, Prioninae, Anoplodermatinae, Aseminae, Spondylidinae, Lepturinae, Oxypeltinae, and addenda to the Cerambycinae and Lamiinae. Zootaxa, 1212(1): 1-244.
- Monné, M., and Wang, Q. (2017). General morphology, classification and biology of Cerambycidae. CRC Press.
- Moussa, M. E. (1977). Studies on wood-boring insects. Ph. D. Thesis, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Alexandria. 351.
- Özdikmen, H., and Ali, M. A. (2012). A preliminary list for longhorned beetles fauna of Iraq with additions to the Palaearctic catalogue of Löbl and Smetana (2010) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae). Munis Entomology and Zoology, 7(1): 174-183.
- Özdikmen, H., Ali, M. A., and Al-Hamadani, N. (2014). New Records for Longhorned Beetles Fauna of Iraq (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae). Pakistan Journal of Zoology, 46(1): 267-270.
- Özdikmen, H. (2021). An annotated catalogue: Cerambycoidea (Cerambycidae and Vesperidae) of Turkey (Coleoptera). Munis Entomology and Zoology, 16(3): 1313-1556.
- Özdikmen, H. (2023). Longhorned beetle (Cerambycoidea: Cerambycidae and Vesperidae) diversity of sixteen countries in the Middle-East on the base of number of species-group taxa and endemism. Munis Entomology and Zoology, 18(2): 1529-1616.
- Rapuzzi, P., and Georgiev, G. (2007). Contribution to the knowledge of species composition and regional distribution of longhorn beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) in Bulgaria. Acta zoologica bulgarica, 59(3): 253-266.
- Rapuzzi, P., and Sama, G. (2012). New taxa and new records of longhorn-beetles from Eastern Mediterranean region (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae). Munis Entomology and Zoology, 7(2): 663-690.
- Sama, G. (2002). Atlas of the Cerambycidae of Europe and the Mediterranean Area. I. Kabourek, Zlin: 173, 36 col. plates.
- Sama, G., Fallahzadeh, M., and Rapuzzi, P. (2005). Notes on some Cerambycidae (Coleoptera) from Iran with description of two new species (Insecta Coleoptera Cerambycidae). Quaderno di studi e notizie di storia naturale della Romagna, 20: 123-132.
- Sama, G. (2010). Cerambycidae. New Acts and Comments, 49-58. In I. Lobl and A. Smetana (ed.): Catalogue of Palaearctic Coleoptera, Vol. 6. Stenstrup: Apollo Books, 924.
- Sama, G., and Rapuzzi, P. (2011). Una nuova checklist dei Cerambycidae d’Italia. Quad. Stud. Not. St. Nat. Romagn, 32: 121-164.
- Sama G., Rapuzzi P., and Özdikmen, H. (2012). Preliminary report of the entomological surveys (2010, 2011) of G. Sama and P. Rapuzzi to Turkey (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae). Munis Entomology and Zoology, 7(1): 22-45.
- Tavakilian, G. (2015). Base de données Titan sur les Cerambycidés ou Longicornes. Paris: Institut de Recherche pour le Développement.
- Tozlu, G., Rejzek, M., and Özbek, H. (2002). A contribution to the knowledge of Cerambycidae (Coleoptera) fauna of Turkey. Part I: Subfamilies Prioninae to Cerambycinae. Biocosme Mèsogèen, Nice, 19(1-2): 55-94.
- Wang, Q. (2017). Cerambycidae of the world: biology and pest management, Taylor and Francis Group, Florida, 628.