M. A. Qasim , E. Z. Naji
Anbar Journal of Agricultural Sciences,
This study was carried out in the laboratories of the Department of Food Sciences in the Colleges of Agriculture / University of Tikrit and the College of Agriculture / Anbar University for the period from 9/10/2018 to 1/5/2019 with the aim of extracting the anthocyanins pigments from the peels of two varieties of eggplant (Solanum melogena L), namely. Hytech and Hauser, which were grown in Yusufiya / Baghdad. Several solvents were used in the extraction of anthocyanins from the two types above, including (acidified ethanol, tartaric, malic and citric) in order to determine the best variety and the optimal conditions for extraction, and the results showed that the highest proportion of anthocyanins obtained was from the Hitech variety with a value of 89.35 mg / 100 gm compared to the variety. Hauser, as the proportion of anthocyanins obtained was 67.12 mg / 100 g, using acidified ethanol as the best solvent for the extraction compared with other solvents used. The results of the optimum extraction conditions also indicated that the best extraction temperature used was 40 ° C, the best time was 75 minutes, and the best mixing ratio was 1: 10.
N. A. Sabri and M. A. Abed
Anbar Journal of Agricultural Sciences,
A field experiment was conducted in the (Juwaba) Arund area of Ramadi city in the spring and autumn seasons 2017. To study the effect of intercropping systems and maize varieties on the yield and its components and the quality characters of maize crop, maize varieties (booth 106, 5018, 5012 and French cultivar) were used. The experiment was carried out according to the design of (RCBD) and in the order of the split plot, cultivar wear arranged in Maine poke the main plots and the secondary plots occupies (the intercropping systems). The results showed that the intercropping system 1: 2 was superior in number of ears per plant which gave 1.48 and 1.70 ear in the spring and autumn seasons respectively, also it was superior in the average of 500 grains weight in the spring season by giving 155.4 gm, also the same system in the grain yield in the autumn season by giving 10.96-ton ha-1. While the cultivars, The French cultivar was superior in spring season in seed yield which gave the highest value 7.99 ton ha-1, while the cultivar 5018 was superior in the autumn season by giving the highest grain yield was 11.48 ton ha-1, while the qualitative characters, sole crop for maize was excellence in the percentage of oil on the rest of the farming systems in the autumn season only gave higher mean about 4.74% ,while the intercropping system 1:2 exceeded the in percentage of protein in seeds about 10.32% in spring and autumn seasons.
N. K. Yassin and A. W. Al-Kayssi
Anbar Journal of Agricultural Sciences,
A laboratory experiments were carried out to study and modeling the effect of soil gypsum content on soil shrinkage characteristic curve (SSCC) of gypsiferous shrinkage curve. Soil samples with 100 (G2), 150 (G3), 200 (G4), 250 (G5), 350(G6) g kg-1 gypsum content were prepared by mixing materials from surface soil layer with low gypsum content (G1) 60.6 g kg-1 and sub-surface soil layer with high gypsum content (G7) 433.9 g kg-1. SSCC was measured for each soil sample at the moisture tension of 0,3,6,15,33,100,500,700,1000 and 1500 kPa, the results indicated that SSCC of the studied gypsiferous soils (G1–G7) included only three shrinkage stages. The proportional shrinkage stage formed the bulk part of the SSCC which ranged between 46–84 % for the gypsiferous soils samples G1–G6, the residual shrinkage stage was less than proportional shrinkage stage of the SSCC and ranged between 11–49 % for the gypsiferous soils samples G1–G6, and Zero shrinkage in all samples of gypsum soils. The results showed a significant agreement between the measured and predicated SSCC values calculated. The coefficient of determination ranged between 0.9961 and 0.988 for all studied gypsiferous soils.
M. A. Khalil,I. K. Al-Hadeethi and S. A. Salim
Anbar Journal of Agricultural Sciences,
Two field experiments were carried out in the feed crop studies station of the Ministry of Agriculture - Haditha agriculture division located in the village of Sakran - Haditha district 260 km west of Baghdad. The location lies on longitude 42° 22' 21'' east and longitude 34° 08' 23'' north, and 80 m above sea level, On the ground dimensions (21 × 30 m) for each experiment, during the autumn season 2018. The aim of this study is to find out the role of soil surface crusting and its relationship with tillage pattern, irrigation interval and its relationship with soil moisture content, productivity of mung bean, under surface and drip irrigation methods. The treatments of each experiment were distributed individually using Split-Plot Design, with three replications. Treatments were distributed randomly, with each experiment included two experiments on six treatments using zero tillage mode T0, minimum tillage T1 and conventional tillage T2 and two irrigation intervals are two days I1 and four days I2. The results showed superiority of seasonal water consumption values for both irrigation methods when a comma spacing irrigations four days (I2) it reached 403.51 mm and 207.058 mm for the methods of surface irrigation and drip irrigation respectively, T1I1 treatment was superior over similar surface irrigation treatments in grain yield, where the grain yield of 2.52 t ha-¹, T2I1 treatment also was superior in grain yields, reaching to 1,745 t ha-1, when drip irrigation method was used, The results showed that the longest height and the highest dry root weight was for T0I2 treatment reached to 0.33m and 14 gm, respectively when drip irrigation method was used, while the root length for the T1I1 treatment was 0.29 m and the highest dry root weight of 13 g was for T2I1 treatment when drip irrigation method was used also, The water use efficiency by using drip irrigation method was superior by 1.408 kg m-3 for T2I1 treatment and the highest water use efficiency was 1.11 kg m-3 for T1I1 treatment when surface irrigation method used