Because of the importance of peanut crop and planted in large quantity in Heat city and reduction in its production to the allowed limit. As well as the variation of this productivity among farmers. Therefore, this study was carried out to determine the conditions of its planting and to know how the farmers applied the recommended agricultural practices in planting of this crop . This study involved 42 farmers among 168 farmers to this crop in Heet city. They are chosen randomly. A questionnaire was distributed among these farmers and data were collected . The study showed a large failure in application of farmers to the scientific recommendations in planting this crop. Also, there was no suitable plan to develop skills and experiences of farmers whom they have the ability in adoption the knowledge devices about its planting . furthermore, this study showed weakness in different media devices to pay an attention to this Crop: This study determine many of recommendations in which the researcher found them to be fundamental and may be participating in developing the skills of peanut's farmers.

Laboratory studies were conducted to investigate the effect of different diets used to rear fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster on Al Ph, Ac Ph, GOT, GPT and total protein in insect body. The study showed that media has significant effects on total protein which was 15 mg/ L in banana media contrast with 10.4 mg/ L in control. The enzymes activities was also significant affected.

The Antigastra catalaunlis is considered as one of the important insects attaking sesame crop in iraq. This study was conducted to explore an effective biological mean to control the pest. Larvae were collected and crushed to make suspensions earobicly and an earobicly at 28-32 C?. Two kinds of bacteria were found infected the larvae Bacillus thuregiensis, Staphylococcus epidermidis. Biochemical assay's according to Kouches postulates were applied, and same result's were obtaind. The two species of bacteria were identified by the same bioassy's tests. So this finding is considered as first record for the two kinds of bacteria on this pest in Iraq.

The study have been conducted to observe the effect of bacterial treatment with lactic acid for chicken meat that have been incubated at different temperature (-20, 5, 27) c° for different period (1, 7, 14) days to see the destructive effect of the microorganisms. It has significant effect (P<0.01) specially for those sample that had been treated by lactic acid, while, samples which have not been treated with lactic acid showed morphologic microbial destructive represented by: color, odor and tissue autolysis.

For the purpose of investigating the levels of some heavy contamination metals in muscle, liver and kidney meat for Cattle in Kirkuk governorate in winter and summer seasons, samples were collected randomly from males (aged 16-18 months) from three districts of Kirkuk governorate (Downtown, Daquq and Debs) During the December and February (winter season) and July and August months of (summer season). There was a significant effect (p?0.05) on the factors (meat type, location and season) in the concentration of lead, Kidney meat in the Downtown in the winter season recorded the highest concentration of lead and significant difference (6.678 ppm) The lowest concentration (0.881 ppm) was found in Liver in Winter. The highest concentration level of cadmium in muscle in summer season from Downtown (3.336 ppm), and lowers Concentration of cadmium (2.106 ppm) recorded in kidney from Daquq in summer season. The concentration of zinc in the Liver at the Downtown in the summer season was the highest concentration (140.052 ppm), while the Kidney in the winter season from Downtown recorded the lowest concentration (30.54 ppm). For Copper the liver in the Downtown in the winter season had the highest concentration (24.520 ppm), while the Liver from the Downtown at summer was recorded lowest concentration (2.383 ppm). For Cobalt, in winter season in Kirkuk, the Muscle recorded the highest concentration of cobalt (7.344 ppm), while the lowest concentration was recorded in Kidney the Winter season from Downtown (1.062 ppm). All types of metals recorded levels higher than the internationally accepted limits.

An experiment was achieved in laboratories of college of Agriculture / Anbar University. A sample of clay loam soil with 50% lime content was brought from sefen mountain, Shaqlawa district / Erbil province, to study the effect of lime percentage on soil spectral reflectivity. Different lime percentage were removed from origin soil using 0.1 N HCl to obtain same soil texture with 40%, 29.5%, 24.5%, 20%, 15.8% and 9.4% lime contents. Spectroradiometer was used to measure the reflectance of the soil with different lime levels at 22% soil moisture content. The result showed an increasing of the soil reflectance with increasing of lime content. Also the result showed an absorption band at 2350 nanometer was appeard, which may be attributed to the presence of lime in soil. It was noted that the depth of the band was increasing with increasing lime percentage in the soil. Results also showed that a significiant correlation between lime content and reflectance in the all studied bands, especially with the two near infrared bands (B6 and B9) was found, whereas the correlation coefficient (r) for the two bands were 0.968 and 0.958, respectively. The quantitative relationship between the two variables was also found. The linear, quadratic and cubic models were efficient to forecasting lime content from reflectance data at near infrared band (B6). The determination coefficient (R2) for the three models were 0.93, 0.98 and 0.99, respectively. While the standard error values were 3.8, 4.8 and 2.7, respectively.

The experiment was carried out at two locations, the first in Ramadi - Kaldia (80 km) west of Baghdad, the second at the farm of College of Agriculture, University of Baghdad, during the spring season 2017, in order to study the effect of concentrations and application growth stage of ethephon on growth, yield, and its components of sorghum (cv. Buhooth 70). Split plot arrangement was used according to RCBD. The application growth stage 4, 6 and 8 leaf growth stage, occupied the main plots while Ethephon concentrations 0, 500, 1000 and 1500 mg L-1, occupied the sub-plots. Results showed at both seasons, that the high concentration (1500 mg .L-1) gave the lowest plant height, leaf area, number of leaves and grain yield, thus reducing the biological yield 2.302 and 2.515 ton ha-1, for both locations respectively, While the concentrations 1000 and 500 mg.L-1, gave the highest grain yield 3.976 and 3.741 ton ha-1, for both locations respectively, the application times according to growth stages also had a significant effect on number of days to flowering stage and maturation also weight of 500 grains and grain yield. Application at 4 and 6 leaf growth stages gave highest grain yield in both locations 3.464, 3.673 ton ha-1 respectively, also the most traits under study were significantly influenced by the interaction between concentrations and application time, the highest yield 5.127 ton ha-1 in Ramadi location, was obtained from interaction treatment (1000 mg L-1 * 8 leaf growth stage) was while in Baghdad location the interaction treatment (500 mg L-1 * 6 leaf growth stage) gave the highest yield 4.623 ton ha-1

The objective of this study was to obtain the of best method carbonate removal from soil without effect in mineralogical properties. Three soil treatments for soil high content in calcite (Tall Keef region).Were used HCl acid (0.2N), sodium acetate pH (5) treatment and control treatment were conducted compared with control treatment.Results showed Bulk X-ray and XRDclay mineral were that use of HCl acid Caused to removal all carbonate without the effecting in quality and quantity of minerals Comparison with first treatment that it was not great influence. The group of mineral were diagnosed for the three treatments by using the Bulk x-ray showed dominate quartz,calcite,palygorskite,feldspar and kaolinite respectively,while the XRD for clay realated the rule of chlorite, illite,semctite and kaolinite respectively,as for FT-IR appearance group are bands important (1450 )cm-1,which represents carbonate group (dolomite-calcite)and Disappearance with third treatment without second,therefore acetate method is considered inappropriate for measurements which means to remove the carbonate. Meaning that use of HCl acid (0.2), N is optimum method.

This study was conducted in the olive orchard, in Habbaniyah city, Anbar province 84 km west of Baghdad during 2018 growing seasons to investigate the influence of brassinolide (BRs) and CPPU spray on 2 year's old trees of “Nebali” olive cultivar. This study included two treatments: three levels of spraying of BRs, 0 (BR0), 1mg L-1 (BR1) and 2mg L-1 (BR2) and four levels of spraying of cytokinins (CPPU), 0 (C0), 2.5mg L-1 (C2.5), 5mg L-1 (C5) and 10mg L-1 (C10) and their interaction. Treatments were replicated three times with two transplants in experimental unit at factorial experiment in a RCBD. The number of trees used was 72 trees. The experimental results showed that BRs spray at 2 mg L-1 gave the highest leaves chlorophyll content of 62.69 SPAD units, leaves dry weight of 29.49 %, highest leaf area of 6.80 cm2, leaf nitrogen content of 1.169 %, highest leaf IAA content of 44.49 ?g g-1 FW and highest leaf GA content of 150.24 ?g g-1 FW. Results also showed that CPPU spray at levels 10 mg L-1 superiority of the control treatment and gave the highest leaves chlorophyll content of 62.89 SPAD units, leaves dry weight of 28.92 %, leaf IAA content of 41.82 ?g g-1 FW and highest leaf GA content of 134.00 ?g g-1 FW .The lowest value of these parameters was found in the control (BR0C0)

An experiment was achieved in laboratories of college of Agriculture / Anbar University. A sample of clay loam soil with 50% lime content was brought from sefen mountain, Shaqlawa district / Erbil province, to study the effect of lime percentage on soil spectral reflectivity. Different lime percentage were removed from origin soil using 0.1 N HCl to obtain same soil texture with 40%, 29.5%, 24.5%, 20%, 15.8% and 9.4% lime contents. Spectroradiometer was used to measure the reflectance of the soil with different lime levels at 22% soil moisture content. The result showed an increasing of the soil reflectance with increasing of lime content. Also the result showed an absorption band at 2350 nanometer was appeard, which may be attributed to the presence of lime in soil. It was noted that the depth of the band was increasing with increasing lime percentage in the soil. Results also showed that a significiant correlation between lime content and reflectance in the all studied bands, especially with the two near infrared bands (B6 and B9) was found, whereas the correlation coefficient (r) for the two bands were 0.968 and 0.958, respectively. The quantitative relationship between the two variables was also found. The linear, quadratic and cubic models were efficient to forecasting lime content from reflectance data at near infrared band (B6). The determination coefficient (R2) for the three models were 0.93, 0.98 and 0.99, respectively. While the standard error values were 3.8, 4.8 and 2.7, respectively.

The objective of this study was to obtain the of best method carbonate removal from soil without effect in mineralogical properties. Three soil treatments for soil high content in calcite (Tall Keef region).Were used HCl acid (0.2N), sodium acetate pH (5) treatment and control treatment were conducted compared with control treatment.Results showed Bulk X-ray and XRDclay mineral were that use of HCl acid Caused to removal all carbonate without the effecting in quality and quantity of minerals Comparison with first treatment that it was not great influence. The group of mineral were diagnosed for the three treatments by using the Bulk x-ray showed dominate quartz,calcite,palygorskite,feldspar and kaolinite respectively,while the XRD for clay realated the rule of chlorite, illite,semctite and kaolinite respectively,as for FT-IR appearance group are bands important (1450 )cm-1,which represents carbonate group (dolomite-calcite)and Disappearance with third treatment without second,therefore acetate method is considered inappropriate for measurements which means to remove the carbonate. Meaning that use of HCl acid (0.2), N is optimum method.

This study was conducted on Agriculture college of Abu-Grab/ Baghdad as a replacement location of Anbar University during 2015 / 2016 season to study the effects of Date palm frond incubation 30 days after soaking in solution of 5% Urea or 3.3% Ammonium hydroxide before using it to preparing a compost, and its effect on mycelium growth rate on solid medium, matt on liquid medium and protein content, and to study complete over growth time on compost media. Agaricus bisporus 169 strain and its spawn obtained from Organic Farming Project Belonging to Agriculture Researches Office / Agriculture Ministry. Simple experiments according to completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 3 replicates and 5 experimental units for each treatment .Genstat program was used to analyses all data and means tested by Least Significant Difference at 0.05 level. Results showed that, all composts prepared by usage partial from Date palm frond soaked in NH4OH solution increased vegetative growth of mycelium . Treatments of 75% wheat straw + 25% date palm frond and 50% wheat straw + 50% date palm frond given faster growth rat were 2.6 and 2.56 cm per day, while treatments of 75% wheat straw + 25% date palm frond and 50% wheat straw + 50% date palm frond soaked in Urea solution increased 2.5 and 2.53 cm day-1 respectively and increased protein content significantly (P.L. 0.05) were 24.30% and 26.25% respectively, when control treatment given 2.0 cm day-1, 0.15 g dry weight of biomass and 18.75% protein content respectively. On other hand compost from 50% wheat straw + 50% date palm frond soaked in water before incubation, 75% wheat straw + 25% date palm frond without treatment, 50% wheat straw + 50% date palm frond and 70% wheat straw + 25% date palm frond soaked in NH4OH reduced period of mycelia overgrowth on compost to 30.66 , 31.0 , 31.66 and 32.0 days respectively , while the control recorded 47.0 days.